Pratapgarh : Pratapgarh. In the last few years, due to indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers in the desire for more production, the land of Kanthal has also started getting polluted. Farmers here have also started indiscriminately using chemical fertilizers and pesticides in their fields instead of cow dung manure. In the hope of increasing production, farmers are unknowingly using excessive chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Due to which the health of the soil is being adversely affected. Whereas farmers are forgetting their traditional organic fertilizers and methods. Due to which the fertility in the fields is decreasing. Besides this, the food grains being produced in the fields here are also of poor quality. Due to which there is a risk of many diseases. In Kanthal, the ratio of nutrients in the soil has been deteriorating due to the use of unbalanced fertilizers in the past. As a result, there is a shortage of essential elements for crops. It is often seen that in the past years, farmers have been applying only the main element NPK. But the micro elements are not being compensated.
16 nutrients essential for all crops
Generally crops require 16 major elements. In which crops absorb three elements from air and water. Whereas it takes 13 nutrients from the soil. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are prominent among the essential elements. Apart from this, calcium, sulfur and manganese elements are secondary nutrients. Whereas zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum, chlorine, sodium, cobalt, silicon are micro elements.
Bio-organic level is also decreasing
As a result of less use of cow dung and non-use of organic fertilizers in the Kanthal soil since last years, the organic level in the soil is decreasing. At the same time, the soil in many fields is also becoming barren. Soil testing has revealed that the organic level of the soil has dropped to less than 0.2 percent. Whereas for suitable farming this quantity should be more than 0.75 percent. When it reaches zero level, farming becomes impossible. The land becomes infertile.
This way you can increase the organic level
To increase the organic level in the soil, farmers will have to adopt traditional farming. After harvesting, most of the farmers burn the crop residues in the field itself. Which is very harmful for farming. Due to this the fertility of the soil reduces. In such a situation, crop residues should be mixed with hankai and rotavator. Apart from this, all the resources which supply nutrients including manure, fertilizer, bio-fertilizer, vermicompost, crop residues should be used properly. Legume crops are able to store nitrogen from the atmosphere in the roots of the plants with the help of a bacteria called Rhizobium. The yield of these crops increases significantly when seed is treated with Rhizobium culture and sown. Necessary quantities of Azotobacter, Azospirillum and phosphorus solubilizing bio-fertilizers should be used in grain and vegetable crops. Liquid biofertilizers are available which are much more beneficial than powdered biofertilizers. Vermi compost: Compost is prepared from crop residues and cow dung with the help of earthworms. Which is better than normal compost.
